In June, 1988, Iraqi military – directed by al-Majid – killed up to 180,000 Kurdish civilians and guerillas as part of a crackdown against uprisings in Iraqi Kurdistan. Al-Majid admitted to ordering troops to execute Kurds who would not participate with imposed displacements, however, he denied the use of chemical weapons during the campaign. Al-Majid also faces death for his role in the brutal suppression of a Shi'ite rebellion – which was allegedly backed by the United States – following the defeat of Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War.
Al-Taie negotiated the cease-fire in the first Gulf War and surrendered to U.S. forces after the invasion of Iraq in 2003. The Iraqi High Tribunal sentenced to hang for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity for their role in "Operation ANFAL," the chemical weapons attack in northern Iraqi Kurdistan.
There is a cacophony of voices pleading for leniency for al-Taie. Iraqi law requires executions to be carried out within 30 days of sentencing. President Jalal Talabani , himself a Kurd , claims the authority to block the executions, though previous death sentences were carried out without the decree. The chief prosecutor in the case said that authority does not exist in trials regarding crimes against humanity, genocide or war crimes.
U.S. officials are concerned handing the men over would threaten the recent respite in violence in Iraq. Al-Maliki said the Iraqi government promised the judicial process would proceed independent and the refusal of U.S. officials to hand the men over is seen as meddlesome.
In previous cases, the transfer of custody from U.S. to Iraqi hands signals an imminent execution.