A classic example of the complex dynamics surrounding an “Islamic” party in a secular state is Turkey and the AKP (The Justice and Development Party), which has spent most of its recent political clout trying to remove the headscarf ban in universities. The Eurasia Daily Monitor (Jamestown Foundation) has recently reported on research that shows "Turks are becoming more pessimistic and introspective." The article reflects on the decline of support for the AKP and the supposed "deep divisions in Turkish society over the future of secularism." Apparently, "only 5.2% of AKP supporters were concerned that secularism was in danger."
A second example of a secular state, which faces questions about the legitimate role of its religious political parties, is Tajikistan. This less-developed country (rarely discussed in world politics) prides itself on the open inclusion of the “Party of the Islamic Revival/Renaissance of Tajikistan” (also known as PIRT). Tajikistan perpetually claims the status of "most-democratic country in Central Asia" simply because the PIRT is active and openly challenges government policies and agenda items. This past week, in Tajikistan, at the National Center for Strategic Research, there was a presentation of a new book by Abdullo Rakhnamo, "Religious Parties and Secular Governments." Rakhnamo has recently said during an interview that the legal functioning of the PIRT is "one of the most important components of the Tajik peace process." His book focuses on the role of religious parties in maintaining equilibrium in developing political systems , helping to create "a culture of stability" leading to compromise and the furtherance of the rule of law.